Grade 12 Test Questions ( DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF IN SOCIETY)

Grade 12                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                 LIFE ORIENTATION

                                            DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF IN SOCIETY

QUESTION 1

Various options are provided as answers to the following multiple-choice questions. Write down only the letter of the most appropriate answer next to the relevant question number.

1.1         If one has a drug addiction and decides to go to a trustworthy school counsellor for help, one might:

A     be judged unfairly.

B     not receive the required support.

C    receive wise objective counsel.

D    be prosecuted by the police.                                                                                              (2)

1.2         Negative stress:

A     causes people to become more productive.

B     is caused by too little adrenaline.

C    impacts badly on one's psychological state.

D    helps one to cope with too much pressure.                                                                       (2)

1.3         An example of an external stress is when:

A     one has to go for an HIV test.

B     one experiences a very strong urge to succeed.

C    one sets too high standards for oneself.

D    one is on a diet but cannot control one's appetite.                                                             (2)

1.4         Positive stress:

A     is caused by too much adrenaline.

B     causes people to become unproductive.

C    causes people to feel overwhelmed.

D    motivates and drives people to perform.                                                                           (2)

1.5         Choose the incorrect answer. If you have an HIV-positive test result, the best thing to do would be to:

A     follow a healthier lifestyle.

B     go for counselling to help you cope.

C    withdraw from society for their safety.

D    get involved in educating others about the disease.                                                          (2)

1.6         Choose the incorrect answer. An effective technique for managing stress would be to:

A     manage time better and be assertive.

B     ignore its consequences.

C    get sufficient rest, sleep and exercise.

D    try to see changes as opportunities for development.                                                       (2)

1.7         A person with a neurotic personality will:

A     be aggressive all the time.

B     be able to express positive and negative feelings.

C    get stressed out easily.

D    manipulate other people.                                                                                                    (2)

1.8         An example of an internal stressor is when

A     one has unrealistic expectations about one's own ability.

B     a loved one has passed on.

C    one loses one’s job.

D    one is involved in a motor vehicle accident.                                                                      (2)

                                                                                                                                                               [16]

QUESTION 2

Answer the following short questions.

2.1         Mention two reasons why workers who work between 18:00 at night and 06:00 in the morning get extra pay or are able to work fewer hours for the same amount of money.                      (2)

2.2         Name any two chronic lifestyle diseases.                                                                                 (2)

2.3         People who are overwhelmed by stress often need time to rest, reflect and decide what is most important to them. They need to retreat to their sanctuary. Different people have different sanctuaries. Give an example of a sanctuary.                                                           (1)

                                                                                                                                                                 [5]

QUESTION 3

Answer the following short questions.

3.1         Write down only the two missing words.

Unfair dismissal disputes in which unfair discrimination is alleged must be dealt with in terms of the _______ ______ Act. The dismissal must be referred to the CCMA within 30 days.    (2)

3.2         Name two groups of people who are excluded from the Employment Equity Act.                 (2)

3.3         You have a friend who has gained a lot of weight, complains of a funny taste in the mouth, is very thirsty and always tired. What disease is he/she most likely to suffer from?                   (1)

                                                                                                                                                                 [5]

QUESTION 4

Read the following interesting snippets from the YOU Magazine related to the contributing factors of major lifestyle diseases and ideas on how they can possibly be prevented and controlled.

REASON TO CHILL Living a stressful life makes it difficult for a woman to fight off cervical cancer, US scientists say. They say stressed women have a weaker immune response to the human papilloma virus (HPV), a virus that is sexually transmitted. Certain types of HPV lead to infection which can cause cancer. In some women persistent HPV-infection raises the risk of abnormal cell changes, causing cancer. (YOU 13 March 2008)		SMOKERS FEEL PUFFED Smokers are four times more likely to feel tired when they wake up and spend less time in deep sleep than non-smokers, a US study has found. They say it could be because smokers experience nicotine withdrawal at night, which may contribute to sleep disturbances. Nicotine also raises the heart rate, making relaxation difficult. (YOU 13 March 2008)
DRINKING DILEMMA People who drink heavily in their youth are more at risk of developing various diseases as adults, according to a US study. Researchers found people who drank heavily as teenagers and young adults were more likely to suffer from problems such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, abdominal obesity and high blood pressure as they aged. They say excessive drinking causes oxidative stress in the body which damages the body’s cells over time. (YOU 21 February 2008)		BANANA IS BEST Eating a banana or two every day could help with a range of ailments including ulcers, strokes, stress and high blood pressure. Bananas contain sucrose, fructose and glucose, which are released quickly into the bloodstream and give the body an instant and sustained energy boost. They have a natural antacid effect which soothes heartburn and the vitamin B6 regulates blood glucose levels which can lift your mood if you suffer from PMS. (YOU 14 February 2008)
VEGGIES FOR HIM Cauliflower could cut a man’s risk of developing prostate cancer by 52% and broccoli could lower the risk by 45%. Both vegetables are rich in compounds that protect against DNA damage. A US study of the eating habits of 29 000 men found there were fewer cases of fast-growing tumours among those who ate these vegetables once a week. (YOU 10 January 2008)		AIDS BELIEFS South Africa is one of nine countries where 40% of people do not understand Aids is a fatal disease, according to the MAC Aids Fund Survey. While most respondents believed Aids is a fatal illness, many wrongly believed a cure for HIV infection is available. About 86% of SA adults believe stigma to be the main contributor to the spread of HIV and two-thirds believe most HIV-infected people are not receiving the treatment they need. (YOU 29 November 2007)

Answer the following questions related to lifestyle diseases to the best of your ability using the mark allocation as a guide.

4.1         Define the term “lifestyle disease”.                                                                                           (4)

4.2         Mention five factors that generally contribute to lifestyle diseases.                                         (5)

4.3         How can the prevalence of lifestyle diseases be lowered?                                                      (3)

4.4         Which chronic diseases are related to an unhealthy lifestyle?                                                 (4)

4.5         List five symptoms of diabetes.                                                                                                (5)

4.6         List any five ways in which HIV can be transmitted.                                                                (5)

4.7         Provide short definitions for the words “stress” and “stressors”.                                               (2)

4.8         Mention an unhealthy habit you have that may cause you to develop a lifestyle disease. Explain how you plan on stopping this habit.                                                                            (2)

                                                                                                                                                               [30]

QUESTION 5

Read the following scenario and answer the questions set below.

Patience Mangesi has just managed to emigrate to South Africa from Zimbabwe with her parents. Her experience in the promised land, and in Egoli, “the place of gold”, was a far cry from her dreams. Her experience of xenophobia was terrifying. It was a struggle to obtain a place at school. But the nightmarish experiences did not stop. Her fellow classmates did not befriend her. The curriculum was alien and out of her frame of reference. Patience had to cope with this situation along with many other issues as a 17-year-old teenager. Her family’s financial woes enveloped her like a dark cloud, but Patience, true to her name, managed to adapt and succeeded in entering a tertiary institution after passing matric.

5.1         Comment critically on four stressors that affected Patience and how she dealt with them.   (4)

5.2         Give suggestions on how Patience can cope with the stressors in her life. (Include some of the stress management techniques that she can use.)                                                            (4)

5.3         Give two symptoms of stress among teenagers.                                                                     (2)

                                                                                                                                                               [10]

QUESTION 6

Read the following and answer the questions below.

Dear Diary I am a 16-year-old teenager who attends Rosa Parks Secondary. I hate school because the boys often grope me, touch my thighs and make rude signs with their fingers. This happens to most girls at our school. I feel dehumanised and humiliated when they do that to me. I am afraid of boys and suffer in silence. But all that changed when one day my head snapped and all the pent up anger burst into a huge ball of fire. It all happened when one of them grabbed my bum and breasts. I hit him with my school bag with a force that could match any volcanic eruption. Things have not been any easier since then. Life for my mum as a single parent with four children is not easy but we always find that the sun rises each morning.

6.1         Discuss two stress factors that are affecting this teenager.                                                     (2)

6.2         Explain how these stressors could affect her performance at school.                                     (4)

6.3         What advice would you give to the teenager on her constitutional rights?                               (4)

6.4         Discuss any two measures that could be taken in addressing this problem in the school as a whole.                                                                                                                                        (3)

6.5         Suggest any organisation where the teenager could obtain assistance.                                  (1)

6.6         Explain whether the teenager’s violent response is an appropriate action and what led to her outrage. Consider the consequences that could take place.                                                    (4)

6.7         Critically evaluate what factors might have influenced the unequal power relations between the sexes in this context.                                                                                                           (2)

                                                                                                                                                               [20]

QUESTION 7

Consider the following scenario and answer the question that follows.

Nalini, Vinni, Kerry and Nandipha attend Rainbow High. They each smoke up to 20 cigarettes a day. They often go out to clubs, staying out until the early hours. They party a lot, eat fast foods, drink and often bunk school.

Comment on the lifestyle depicted above. As a teen counsellor what advice would you give regarding the depicted lifestyle? Discuss how this lifestyle could be changed to one that can yield a positive outcome.                                                                                                                                                               [10]

QUESTION 8

Give an example of one environmental issue that is creating many problems in society. Explain how the community can take responsibility to address the issue and promote healthy living.                                                                                                                                                               [10]

QUESTION 9

Explain what stress is and critically examine five stressors that individuals experience. How can you overcome some of the stress factors in your life?                                                                                                                                                               [10]

QUESTION 10

Identify and evaluate five characteristics of a positive relationship. You can illustrate by making reference to or giving examples of different types of relationships: friends, family.                                                                                                                                                               [10]

QUESTION 11

Discuss a very stressful period in your life. Explain why it was stressful and how you coped. Then choose one of the following stressful scenarios and explain what techniques you would use to deal positively with the stress involved:

·           Teenage pregnancy (you or your girlfriend)

·           Contracting HIV

·           Parents getting divorced                                                                                                                                                        [10]